Abstract
This historical memoir reviews the establishment and early development of neurology in Vietnam following the liberation of Hanoi in 1954. It describes the founding of the first Department of Neurology and Psychiatry at Bach Mai Hospital and the Department of Neuropsychiatry at Hanoi Medical University under the leadership of Dr. Nguyen Quoc Anh. The article highlights his pioneering role in training the first generations of Vietnamese neurologists, developing neurological education, clinical practice, and medical ethics. It also expresses the author's deep respect and gratitude for Dr. Nguyen Quoc Anh's lasting contributions to the development of neurology in Vietnam.