Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics and assess selected associated factors among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who were receiving anticoagulant therapy. Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study combining retrospective and prospective data was conducted in 40 patients treated at the Neurology Institute and the Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, from January 2025 to July 2026. Results: The mean age was 65.4 ± 9.9 years; 57.5% were aged ≥65 years and 50.0% were male. Atrial fibrillation (75.0%) and mechanical heart valves (47.5%) were the main indications for anticoagulation. Most patients had a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13-15 (85.0%), and lobar hemorrhage was most common (62.5%). Unfavorable in-hospital outcomes occurred in 42.5% and were more frequent in patients with an Intracerebral Hemorrhage Score ≥2 than in those with a score <2 (93.3% vs. 12.0%). Outcomes did not differ significantly between anticoagulant groups. Conclusion: Lobar hemorrhage was the most frequent imaging pattern. An ICH score ≥2 was strongly associated with unfavorable in-hospital outcomes, whereas anticoagulant class was not significantly associated with outcome in this small cohort.
