Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, videonystagmography (VNG) findings, and compare the association between them in patients with vertigo. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 151 patients presenting with vertigo at Tam Anh General Hospital in 2025. Results: The mean age of the study population was 52,42 ± 13,60 years, with females predominating at a ratio of approximately 2,1 females to 1 male. Position-related vertigo was observed in 73,5% of patients. Videonystagmography (VNG) findings showed a relatively high rate of abnormalities in the random saccade and smooth pursuit tests. In the group of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the posterior semicircular canal was the most commonly affected site, accounting for 79,3%. Head-turning while lying down was more common in horizontal semicircular canal involvement, whereas head movements in the vertical plane were more common in posterior semicircular canal involvement. Conclusion: Vertigo occurring with changes in head position tends to suggest the location of displaced otoconia within the semicircular canals. Video nystagmography (VNG) is necessary for the evaluation of vestibular disorders and localization of otoconia, with the posterior semicircular canal being the most common site in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
