Abstract
This review summarizes posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), two cerebrovascular disorders characterized by reversible dysregulation of cerebral vascular tone and endothelial dysfunction. The article reviews their clinical manifestations, neuroimaging features, precipitating factors, differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, management, and prognosis. Although PRES and RCVS share considerable clinical and radiological overlap and may coexist, each syndrome has distinguishing features that facilitate accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Early recognition, elimination of triggering factors, blood pressure control, and supportive management are essential for optimizing patient outcomes.
